various lighthouses; stamps, affixed: china, 2016

the lighthouses.

• Zhubi Jiao Lighthouse (渚碧礁灯塔, Subi Reef Lighthouse) [left]
• Chigua Jiao Lighthouse (赤瓜礁灯塔, Johnson South Reef Lighthouse) [middle]
• Huayang Jiao Lighthouse (华阳礁灯塔, Cuaerton Reef Lighthouse) [right]

what. stamps with lighthouses

where.

• Zhubi Jiao Lighthouse: Zhubi Jiao (Subi Reef), Spratly Islands (China-administered)
• Chigua Jiao Lighthouse: Chigua Jiao (Johnson South Reef), Union Banks, Spratly Islands (China-administered)
• Huayang Jiao Lighthouse: Huayang Jiao (Cuaerton Reef), London Reefs, Spratly Islands (China-administered)

remarks. The South China Sea Islands refer to the more than 250 islands, atolls, cays, shoals, reefs, and sandbars found there. Collectively, the total land area is about 15km2. There is no indigenous population. Ownership of the islands are disputed amongst a number of claimant states. The Spratly Islands are claimed, wholly or partially, by Brunei, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam; the Paracel Islands are disputed among China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; the Pratas Islands are disputed between China and Taiwan; and the rival claimants to Macclesfield Bank and Scarborough Shoal are China, the Philippines, and Taiwan. The lighthouses on the islands featured here are administered by China.

note. Mandarin Chinese for lighthouse: 灯塔 (simplified script; dēngtǎ), 燈塔 (traditional script; dēngtǎ)